Iranian International Journal Of Social Sciences
Volume:6 Issue: 3, Summer 2016

Following the failure of economic development and growth policies and dissatisfactions resulting from applying these policies, related discussions to life satisfaction was proposed among various experts. In their opinion, different factors can be effectual on life satisfaction. One of the most important factors is social welfare. This study is a social survey and it has used questionnaire for collecting data. Considering the results of Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, validity of the research indices are proved. The statistical society comprises citizens of Kashan in 2015, 308 of whom were chosen based on Cochran formula and stratified random sampling. In this study, the relationship between individual welfare, social welfare and social welfare indices (social security, distributive justice, having access to natural resources and educational-cultural resources as well) on life satisfaction. The results of data analysis of questionnaires shows a positive correlation between social welfare and life satisfaction. Also individual welfare and social welfare explain 0.48 and 0.50 percent of life satisfaction variants respectively.

This article is aimed to explain sociologically active aging with emphasizing the social capital in Esfahan. The present research is a survey and in terms of purpose is a practical type of cross-sectional study. The population is all elderly over 60 years in Esfahan in 2015. The sample size is selected by using Cochran Formula to 384 subjects and a quota sampling method is done by focusing the gender, residential area and livelihood status. A searched-made questionnaire is used to collect data and the face validity and construct validity are applied to validate validity and the reliability is determined by Cronbach's alpha. In order to analyze the data, the descriptive and inferential statistics are used by utilizing SPSS and Amos Graphics Software. Results of research show indicate that there is a statistical meaningful relationship between social, economic, cultural capital and active aging. Also the results of structural equation modeling indicate that most comparative indices of model are higher than 0.90, i.e. the model is going away from an independence and approaching to a saturated model based on the defined criteria for them. Therefore, basic attention to increase the social capital in society is essential, especially among the elderly to achieve active aging along with maximizing the health, safety and participation of elderly.

The present study aimed to answer the question that Qajar government as a political system was an authoritarian government? This study deals with the outcomes of Qajar Authoritarianism and the impact of effective historical-geographical conditions of Iran on emergence or continuance of Authoritarianism. Authoritarianism in this study is not a one-dimensional structure and it is composed of some elements as imposing violence, illegitimate governance and illegal issues. This study is document-historical design and all the existing documents regarding study are study population. The present study is one of the applied studies in which the data are collected as note taking and the data are analyzed by qualitative method. The evaluation of factors in Authoritarianism of the study shows that Qajar era was Authoritarianism not totalitarian with negative economic, political and social outcomes for the society on that era and for future generation. Based on the results of study, we can say that these policies caused the collapse of this regime. This study showed that by review of history, without any bias and prejudice of a specific movement, based on social sciences theories, we can identify the reasons of occurrence of phenomenon and avoid its repetition in future (experiencing).

Following a thorough survey of the available literature and concentrating on the wax and wane of testing pragmatic competence so far, the present study firstly is an attempt to develop a comprehensive test of inter-language pragmatics mainly focusing on academic situations in the Iranian context. Secondly, the study aims to investigate the criteria required for the selection of speech acts of academic situations. Reliability, expert judgment validity, internal validity, and content validity of the test will be obtained through analyzing the data gathered through administering the test to native and non-native participants. Various methods of calculating reliability and validity of an MCDT employed in the present study could also pave the way for further research in the domain of assessing inter-language pragmatics and developing more valid and reliable tests. The present study findings could contribute to the fields of second language testing and assessment in general and testing inter-language pragmatics in particular.

In recent decades, Iranian villages have experienced an increasing transformation culturally and environmentally due to the social changes. In pre-modern period (about half a century ago), villages were known as the production sources and had an important social and economic credit as cities foundation. However, a number of changes occurred in the rural “lifestyle” resulting from development of modernism and welfare services in villages which subsequently led to the alterations in house forms. This paper attempts to investigate the changes process and the received damages to the historical texture in Soynas village belonged to suburbs of Mahabad, in west Azerbaijan province and also determines the effective factors related to the damages of rural houses in order to provide the required setting for proper decision- making. The research methodology in this paper consists of historical and descriptive-analytical methods; in general, field studies and documentary methods were applied for data gathering, and descriptive inferential statistics were utilized for the analysis purposes. Investigation of this subject is presented in three sections: in the first stage, the formation procedure of historical development, morphology of rural textures, importance of water sources, natural environment, and social, economic characteristics were defined; in the second step, various features of Soynas village such as architectural, cultural, and natural values as well as building construction methods were considered and the pathology and its corresponding interventions are discussed in the third step.

This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the gender identity of women in the movies of war period. Four movies of ‘Bashu little stranger’, ‘Gilaneh’ and ‘from Karkhe to the Rhine’ were selected and the kinds of women's identity were identified by using discourse analysis in these movies. In these movies, although women tried to fulfill the expectations of society in the form of traditional women, but they left their impact in a reciprocal relationship that they found with the social, economic and cultural situations. In better words, the use of compensatory dialectic was evident in actions of women to use the opportunities that they obtain and increase the amount of influence and effectiveness in this research.

American playwright, Eugene Gladstone O’Neill (1888-1953) is presenter of truth without comprising his beliefs. His works are dramatized by passion elements such as memories, dreams, and by awareness of forces. During mid-1920s he became interested in dramatizing complicated pattern of his family’s life. Mourning Becomes Electra, which opened on Oct. 26, 1931, and had fourteen acts, was O'Neill's greatest masterpiece. In fact it is one of the most psychological works ever written in which all the characters resemble complexes introduced by great psychologist, Sigmund Freud. The power of irrational that is driven by the existence of subconscious and the role of instinct, repression, suppression, influence of parents and above of all, inhibition is the formation of personality and in adults are the causes of suffering according to the importance of sensual relationship which is based on their instinct. “Instinct is a continual internal stimulus, which produces specific satisfaction if it obtains sufficient response. (Freud 129).